Tahqeed

یونس متین : جدید اردو نظم کی ایک منفرد آواز

Khalid Hussain — 2023-12-30

Younas Mateen is an important poet of modern Urdu Nazm.. Urdu Nazm has been on the move on the path of evolution since its very inception. All the experiments ever did with the form of it great importance in Modern Urdu literature. In the light of the continuity of these experiments, it can be rightly said that Younas Mateen has a masterly understanding of writing poems because of his unique style and expression of inner feelings. The subjects on which Younas Mateen has written are diverse. He comes before us as a fine poet and an artist with a skeptical personality. His Nazm is particularly important because of its intellectual diversity and depths of meaning. Some of his poems are masterpieces. As he had the privilege of visiting a number of countries, the strength of his observation is visible very vigorously in his poems. The presence of this observational strength, knowledge of international political turmoil and expansive information has breathed an element of universality in his poems. All this makes him a poet apart among the Urdu poets. With the passage of time, his poetry will continue to open the new gates of understanding and enlightenment for the readers.

رسائل و جرائدکا تحقیقی و تنقیدی مطالعہ بحوالہ گلگت بلتستان

Muhammad Hassan — 2023-12-30

Gilgit-Baltistan is a region with linguistic and cultural diversity was named as the Northern Area in the past. Religious influences were prevailed across the GB in different eras and left indelible impressions. Ancient Orientals mentioned the way of living of these regions in their autobiography and other literary works that also influenced the local languages of the region. In this regard, Western prominent author Grayson’s famous work “The Linguistic survey of India” is worth knowing. The author has discussed the declination of Baltistan in 1840 when the Dogra rulers invaded the region. Besides that, in 1948 when Baltistan set free from the Gogra Rule and came under Pakistan, the promotion of Urdu language is obviously observed in the educational institutions. In 1906, The first English paper “Spanker” and the first pen paper “Jamhoor” and “Terjuman” which were published in 1949 has been thoroughly been assessed in the paper.

عبد العزیز خالؔد بحیثیت منقبت نگار

Amna Shahzadi — 2023-12-30

“Buturab” a praise worthy Munqbat (Panegyric) by the most stunning multi-lingual poet consists of 313 verses. This panegyric is heart felf expression of his very feruent and profound love for the most meritorious Hazrat Ali (A.S). Abdul Aziz Khalid has tried his best to cover the many aspects of multifarious personality of Ali (A.S) such as his birth in Ka’aba, his knowledge and wisdom, his mettle and spirit, Ghadeer-e-Khum, Karbla, Sacrifices, Nehyul Balgha and the grandeur of his character etc.

Analysis of Progressive Writers Movement and Urdu Novel

syed Fazal Hussain — 2023-12-30

Tarakki Pasand Tehreek ( Progressive Writers Movement) is the most powerful and impactful movement. Intially it was made by the students. But they were very keen to their’s purpose. So, it became successful movement in the history of Urdu Literature. Firstly, it was established in 1936.After that many writers joined it. They wrote poetry and fiction which had it’s themes. Progressive Writers Movement impacts on all genres of Urdu Literature. Urdu novel was also effected by this literaty movement. Histroy of Progressive Movement is discussed in this article. Then, impact of this movement on Urdu Novel is also examined.

اُردوکلاسیکی متون کی تدوین کا جائزہ

Dr. Javed Iqbal Javed — 2023-12-30

Because of research we investigate the hoarding. It is generally a human habit that he wants to get information about things. The process of research is in human nature. Research is a special way of determining the validity of a text. Actually we come to a conclusion only after research. Copywriting is done in text editing. Therefore, this modification is the next step for research. Research is not necessary for editing, but the editor should be familiar with research, because without a research attitude, good editing is not possible. The text has a fundamental position in the editing. Text correction is also an important element of modern research. In the tradition of text editing, the book "Tazak-e-Jahan Giri" edited by Sir Syed Ahmed is of primary importance. The tradition of editing includes the editing of books and prose works as well. Kaliyat-e-Quli Qutb Shah, Ali Nama, Chandra Badan and Mahiyar, Masnavi Gulshan Ishq, Sabras and Ibrahim Nama are important examples of classical editing. Edited by Hafiz Mahmood Shirani, criticism of Shaar-ul-Ajam and collection of Naghaz. Tasrati, edited by Maulvi Abdul Haq, Sauda, by Sheikh Chand, Fasana Ajaz and Bagh Wibahar are excellent edited works by Rashid Hasan Khan. Arshi has compiled Diwan-i Ghalib and Dastur al-Safaht.

ڈاکٹر مظہر عباس رضوی بحیثیت مزاح نگار

Imran Zafar — 2023-12-30

Humor is the integral part of human life. Humor and satire writer reveals the bitter realities of his surrounding by wearing the veil of Humor. The yeast of the Urdu language is mixed with different languages and people of different schools of thought have contributed to its development. Somewhere in its garden, writers having military background are seen parading around to explore the new windows of humor, and elsewhere, people from the field of medical are also seen to write prescriptions of humor to end social injustice. If the doctor has the power of humor and is interested in poetry, He is capable of healing the patient with his eloquent language and speech even without medicine which could be more effective as compare to a general physician. Dr. Mazhar Abbas Rizvi is one of the most revered doctors in the 21^st century. While taking a dig at social inequalities and unendurable attitudes, he also criticized his own profession while highlighting its negative aspects. In his poetry he describes almost every aspect of life and showed his grievances in a humorous way. His sense of jocularity becomes more entertaining and fascinating while describing the life from different angles. This article not only discusses the writing style but also reflects the way of Dr. Mazhar Abbas Rizvi used to reflect aesthetic sense to show his inclination towards humor.

پریم چند کے ناولوں میں طبقاتی کشمکش اور استحصال زدہ طبقہ

Dr. Syed Ali Asghar Shah — 2023-12-30

After arrival of British in the Sub –Continent, there were many changes in economic, civic, cultural and social life. The British revalued the system which revealed social injustice. This was solidities as future system and reflected in the literature. Praim Chand, specifically felt the changing environment and he focused on basic human rights with regards to social injustice in Hindu society.

ناول "آخری سواریاں" میں گنگا جمنی تہذیب کا بیانیہ اور نوحہ گری (تجزیاتی مطالعہ)

Dr. Muhammad Khurram Yasin — 2023-12-30

The Ganga-Jamini civilization, a beacon of prosperity and advancement in the subcontinent, thrived for centuries, celebrated for its rich tapestry of art, architecture, customs, values, and literature. This flourishing society emerged from the harmonious coexistence of two nations, a testament to the subcontinent's vibrant cultural landscape before the transformative era of British colonialism. Syed Muhammad Ashraf's novel "Akhri Sawariyan" (The Last Passengers) serves as a poignant elegy for the lost grandeur of this civilization, its "passengers" symbolizing the fading elements of this once-thriving society. Steeped in a nostalgic and melancholic tone, the novel unfolds against the backdrop of the civilization's decline, employing literary devices such as symbolism, metaphor, and imagery to evoke a profound sense of loss and yearning. This article embarks on a close reading of the novel, meticulously unraveling its intricate themes and symbolism, making a significant contribution to our understanding of the Ganga-Jamini civilization. Furthermore, the article explores the novel's profound examination of themes such as identity, exile, and the enduring legacy of cultural memory.

شاہد رضوان کا ناول " چاند پور " میں موضوعاتی تنوع

Dr. Muhammad Kamran Shahzad — 2023-12-30

In the 21st century, the superpowers of the world celebrated their iron in the world due to modern scientific development and modern defense inventions. At the same time, where they were facing many challenges, these global powers were helpless in front of the Corona virus and soon the Corona virus had spread its claws all over the world. Like other countries, the corona virus not only affected every sphere of life in Pakistan, but also left its effects for a long time. The theme of Corona was dominant in the works of Pakistani writers. In this regard, Shahid Rizwan's novel "Chand pur" has a stable identity. In this paper, in "Chand pur" two years of Corona, the problems of public life, the reflection of government policies and the depiction of life after the epidemic, civilization and history and the eternal story of love have been critically evaluated.

فرائیڈ کا نظریہ ٹوٹم اور ٹیبو کا تعارف، بنیادی مباحث

Anum Nawaz — 2023-11-10

Every society has its own totems and taboos. Totem is worshiped in a society while taboo implies something forbidden or to be avoided. Sigmund Freud introduced these terms in his famous book. It is considered among Freud’s most dazzling speculative texts. This article deals with introductory discussions of these terms. The usages of totemism and taboos in Urdu literature are also part of this valuable article.

سلیم بیتاب کی نظموں میں ترقی پسند عناصر

Majid Mushtaq — 2024-01-10

Salim Betaab was an important and well known poet of Faisalabad. In the Sixth Decade of the Twentieth Century, He was a poet of ghazal and acknowledged in his Era and afterwards. He also known as a poet of nazam but his ghazal was most prominent in his era and later. The critics pay attention towards his ghazal and totally ignored his nazam. This article will throw light on the contribution of Salim Betaab in the field of nazam. He was a good poet in this regard as well. Salim Betaab had progressive approach towards the life. As a progressive poet he has made a vital contribution in Urdu poetry. This article gives some glimpse of his work and try is acknowledge him as a poet of progressive. This article will help the reader to know about the Salim Betaab and his nazam with a progressive approach.

لسانیات نظری و اطلاقی مباحث

Dr. Muhammad Imran Azfar — 2023-12-30

From the last hundred year’s discorse of language and literature in respect of meaning Epistemology rather the Classical concept of meaning and relativity is being retired.Before the beginning of modern debate of linguistics, Language becomes a collection of prescriptive points and Socio-political concept about the structure of language and lingual paradigms. Major part of traditional language and grammar is prescriptive but the fundamental debate of this era which called modern linguistics is descriptive. This is the main difference between classical language traditional grammar and modern linguistics. Modern linguistics refers to the scientific study of language and its structure that should beverified via scientific methodology. Modern linguistics introduces the study of some major features of language such as Phonemes, Phonetics, grammar, syntax and semantics. But in our point of view modern linguistics has two basic scales, First one is Phonemes, Comparative linguistics with Historical and Oriental analysis and the second one about all other scientific features like Phonetics, lexicon, Grammar, Syntax, Semantics and all other aspects of modern linguistics, which regards language is a system and grammar is only considered as a systamatic description of a certain language, either oral or written Lingustics. Term linguistics refers to the scientific study of language and its structure. In this particular regards, modern linguistics only considered as a systematic description of a certain language, either oral or written.

This article deals in first step is with the discussion about the different ideas or theory about Linguistics. In Second phase the practical formation of language and Lingustics took place by the reference of Prominent Lingustics and than it discusses the era of Urdu linguistics spanned over post-independence period particularly in Pakistan. The study of Urdu linguistics present new angl -es and new point of debates. After the indepen -dence of country Applied linguistics and stylis -tics got emphasis and structural analysis of urd -u language have more text.The study of language in its religio-socio cultural perspective beca -me the topic of Urdu language. Phonology and grammar became the other important topics of research in last fifty years and it occurs due to structural and post structural popular debates by Gopi Chand Narang, Shams u Rehman Farooqi with other companions.This article analyses the different approaches about language and Lingustics. Primary Sources are some English Books like “what is Lingustics” by David crystal, “An introduction of linguistics” by George Yul. Amomi Lisaniat by Dr Abdul Salam, Alfaz Shanasi by Khalil Sideeqi and “Lisani Muta’aly” by Gian Chand Jain. Some other Sources that are written in Bibliography.

عاصم بٹ کے افسانوں کا اسلوبیاتی جائزہ

Dr Aqsa Naseem Sindhu — 2023-12-30

Asim Butt is a valuable asset in the world of fiction. He is counted among those fiction writers of Urdu literature who are familiar with all the symbols of the story. Their themes revolve around the individual. Civilized, cultural, social and moral life of man is connected in his legends with Asim Butt, all the topics and his style of expression, mood and harmony all revolve around the personality of the individual, the problems faced by him, his psychology. He is not a romantic, but a fiction writer with a keen eye on the tragic aspects of life. Asim Butt style is not just a simple narrative, but it has the characteristics of creating deep meaning through the combination of symbols and metaphors. We can say that he has promoted the language of fictional literature in Urdu. Although his style is the same everywhere and the style of telling the story is more or less the same.

سعود عثمانی بحیثیت سفر نامہ نگار

Sumaira Akbar — 2023-12-30

Saud Usmani is one of the famous writer of contemporary Urdu Literature. He begun his literary life as a Poet. Later he wrote Prose also. He writes columns, doing translation from different languages and also wrote travelogue. His first collection of travelogue was published in 2020 titled: "Musafir". In this collection of travelogue, the tour of seven countries (Pakistan, India, Turkey, Iran, England, America and Thailand) is presented. There is a beautiful narrative in this travelogue. The author has colored the style of poetry, metaphors and analogies.

اصغر ندیم سید کی ناول نگاری:تہذیبی ومعاشرتی تنوعات کے تناظر میں

Dr. Saira Irshad — 2023-12-30

Asghar Nadeem Syed has diverse aspects. He has celebrated his position in the Urdu world as a poet, fiction writer, novelist and dramatist at the same time. His two novels "Toti Hoi Tanab Udhar" and "Dasht-i Amkaan" while a novella "Aadhe Chand Ki Raat" have been released. A writer is a conscious member of the society who carefully studies every small incident in the society and transforms it into a story. Asghar Nadeem is a lamenter of sinking, sighing and breathing civilization as a fiction writer. He belongs to the tribe of Urdu playwrights who prioritize story over commercialism.Asghar Nadeem Syed is a believer of enlightenment and objective truths, his novels are a rich reflection of civilization and society.

A Review of Jagan Nath Azad’s Poem ‘Urdu’

Dr Rubina Yasmeen — 2023-12-30

Urdu is our National language and it is the source of expression of Poets and writers. Jagan naath Azad is known as a Poet, Writer, Researcher, Biographer, Sketch writer and Travel writer. His poetry is full of passion. He loves and respects for Urdu language. Actually, the purpose of presenting the poem is not to mention the names of these writers but to show that both Hindus and Muslims have played their role in the development of Urdu language and Urdu is not the language of any one class but it is the language of all India. There is language. That is why liberals believe that no reduction can affect the validity of the objective.The words that have been used in the poem are full of charm and elegance. This poem has eight stanzas and it falls under the category of free verse, this randomness and fragmentation of the free verse has increased the beauty of the poem immensely, no doubt it is also a unique way of conveying a message.

Urdu as the national language and its impact on literature through the works of Jagannath Azad is overall, the analysis underscores Urdu's versatility and its ability to bridge cultural divides while highlighting the unique stylistic elements employed in the featured poem.

محمد حسن عسکری کے تنقیدی اجتہادات

Dr Shahida Yousuf — 2024-01-19

Muhammad Hassan Askary has enriched the landscape of Urdu criticism with his unique approach to critical thinking. His mode of criticism contains a diversity of historical, and philosophical depths of world literature, with theological and political insights. Human history and political ideologies keep fascinating him. He views literary movements with analytical wisdom. He discussed chronological distinctions of Greek, Roman medieval, and renaissance and Modern era in Perspective of literary and ideological evolutions. Islamic Sufi sentiment with metaphysical undertones has been dominant in his critical pursuits, cross currents of world literature are constantly present in his criticism, beyond the geographical boundaries. Theological and cultural aspects shaped his thinking into reasoning inspired by the principles of Islam.

قواعدِ تقطیع کا تحقیقی و تنقیدی تجزیہ

Dr Muhammad Aslam Zia — 2024-01-19

The word TAQTI is derived fromقطع and means'' Literally cutting into pieces''. In prosody letters or words of the verse are placed according to the feet of Behar. The basic principle of Urdu scansion depends on the movement (حرکت) and quiescent (ساکن) of the letter.

Scansion requires some basic steps such as follows: 1) Full command of Harf e Maktobi ghair Malfoze, Harf e Malfoze ghair Maktobi. 2) Acquaintance with simple and compound feet particularly (1st or 2nd feet) of the verse. 3) Recitation of Couplet (verse) is a must for scansion. 4) Awareness of pauses (breaks) and Rhythm.

Only those letters that are pronounced are taken into account, not those that through written but not vocalized. In this connection, the prosodians have made principles.

"Meter” means the measurement of the verse. The Metrical unit is the foot. It consists of the mutaharic and sakin Haroof. Those come in special formation, for example: FAULUN (فعولن). There are five letters on this foot. Three Mutaharic (ف،ع،ل) and two sakin i.e. (واؤ، ن). This Arrangement should be in the letter of the line. When FAULUN comes eight times in a verse, this meter is named Bahr-e-Mutqarib Musamman, there are two kinds of meter, simple and compound, firstly are formed by one foot, and lastly is the compound up two feet of the same Bahr. Details will be discussed in the next pages.