The Social Aspect of Iqbal's Concept of “Khudi”: A Critical Study

Abstract

One of Iqbal's most important philosophical ideas is his concept of "Khudi" (selfhood). From a sociological perspective, the influence of "Khudi" can be seen in every aspect of life. To awaken the nation, Iqbal wrote this epic poem. A study of Iqbal's thought reveals that any action that contributes to the development of "Khudi" is considered a virtue. A person must nurture their selfhood in a specific manner. This can only be achieved through the cultivation and training of "Khudi." Interpreting Iqbal's philosophy of "Khudi" in a sociological context is an essential need of our time. Being aware of the different social classes and fostering a sense of innovation promotes the highest sociological thoughts. It is the individuals who, through the study of sociology, can identify new possibilities in industry and craftsmanship and remove the obstacles that hinder progress. The themes in "Asrar-e-Khudi" (The Secrets of the Self) are crucial sources for the promotion of sociological qualities at both individual and collective levels. In the explanation of the contours of an Islamic society, Ibn Khaldun's Muqaddimah (Introduction) and Tarikh Ibn Khaldun (History of Ibn Khaldun) hold a classic status in Islamic sociology, while in the West, philosophers like Karl Marx, Émile Durkheim, and Max Weber considered the stability of society, belief, and free thought as the essence of human society. Iqbal's concept of "Khudi" is derived from Islamic teachings and the Quran. He was not influenced by Western philosophers but by Sufis. A study of Iqbal's ideas reveals that his thought reflects an awareness of the issues facing the Muslim community. Iqbal's Sufi interpretation of Islam differs from that of traditional Sufis. If Iqbal was influenced by the philosophy of some thinkers, he has explained why, and if he opposed the ideas of certain Sufis, he has made that clear as well. The sociological dimension of Iqbal's concept of "Khudi" opens new paths for research and critique.